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News articles
Deadly denial
New York Post
- Nov 10, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
Ralph Peters' latest book is "The War After Armageddon." Have a comment on this postopinion column? Send it in to LETTERS@NYPOST.COM!
clipped from Google - 10/2009
Prez's pet project: repressing the press
New York Post
- Nov 03, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
In the best tradition of American journalism, Ralph Peters is a national treasure. Thank you, Peters and The Post. Your vision and sense of liberty shine so ...
clipped from Google - 10/2009
Obama can't be bothered by Islamic terrorism
New York Post
- Nov 08, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
And don't you forget it. Ralph Peters' latest book is "The War After Armageddon." Have a comment on this postopinion column? Send it in to LETTERS@NYPOST.COM!
clipped from Google - 10/2009
Thank our soldiers -- America's true heroes
New York Post
- Oct 22, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
I have been a big fan of Ralph Peters since "Red Army," and I really love his op-ed columns for The Post ("A Soldier's Soldier," PostOpinion, Oct. 20). ...
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Blog posts
New York Post's Ralph Peters: Obama Not Bothered : In Entertainment
Nov 9, 2009
As we recover from the worst terror attack on America since 9/11, The New York Post has indicated that President Obama was not even bothered to adjust his schedule so he could come down and publicly speak on the affair. ...
http://www.inentertainment.co.uk/
Ralph Peters New York Post » ralph peters, deer in lion cage ...
Nov 9, 2009
Ralph Peters is at it again, this time with a nutty, fearmongering New York Post op-ed that's full of conspiracy theory insinuation about how the.
http://surroundedme.com/
RALPH PETERS: Fort Hood's 9/11 – New York Post « Snow Report Blog
Nov 6, 2009
Wish you a good luck getting a new job when America collapse due to low economy. 2009 November 9. Dave permalink. Ralph Peters you are totally correct. This guy is a terrorist it should always be treated as such. 2009 November 9 ...
http://sroblog.com/
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Web results
New York Post
Ralph Peters. See Ralph Peters's Bio. Ralph's Recent Columns .... nypost.com, nypostonline.com, and newyorkpost.com are trademarks of NYP Holdings, Inc. ...
www.nypost.com
www.nypost.com/postopinion/opedcolumnists/opedcolumnists.htm
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Articles by ralph peters
From RALPH PETERS, New York Post, 31 Oct 2009. Related Topics: Barack Obama, White House, Vladimir Putin, Hugo Chávez, MSNBC ...
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Ralph Peters - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
NO MORE TROOPS, Ralph Peters, New York Post, October 10, 2006; ^ THE 'QUIT IRAQ' CAUCUS: RECIPE FOR MASSACRE, Ralph Peters, New York Post, July 11, 2007 ...
en.wikipedia.org
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Sammy Sosa Pictures: Bleached Skin!
Right Fashions (blog)
- Nov 11, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
By Joan Sammy Sosa's pictures are in high demand this week after the slugger appeared with what looked like bleached skin. Get the before and after pictures ...
Related Articles »
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Mysteries of 'Lawrence Taylor,' 'Sammy Sosa,' and 'Kari Ann Peniche' Solved
PopEater
- Nov 09, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
Sammy Sosa Pictures – Yikes. Have you seen the photo snapped of steroid slugger Sammy Sosa at the Latin Grammys last week? The guy looks like he crawled out ...
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JACKSON'S FATHER SUES OVER 'FORGED' WILL
Contactmusic.com
- Nov 10, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
Caption: White-faced Sosa denies 'doing a Michael Jackson (Picture)' Dominican Republic-born former baseball star Sammy Sosa has been forced to deny ...
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Can UM redeem its season with a win over Ohio State?
Detroit Free Press
- Nov 10, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
Photos of Sammy Sosa at last week's Latin Grammy Awards are raising eyebrows, because his skin color appears to be several shades lighter. ...
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Blog posts
Sammy Sosa Pictures: Bleached Skin From Steroid Use, or ...
Nov 9, 2009
Pictures of Sammy Sosa with bleached skin have surfaced. But is it actually bleached, or just lightened from some other disorder? That's unclear.
http://www.thehollywoodgossip.com/
Sammy Sosa Pictures of Bleached Skin: Like Michael Jackson : In ...
Nov 9, 2009
Retired baseball right fielder Sammy Sosa has been appearing in photo's more 'light skinned' recently, and has also been compared to Michael Jackson, as his skin has seemed to be getting lighter just like the late superstar. ...
http://www.inentertainment.co.uk/
Sammy Sosa Pictures:Sammy Sosa Bleached Skin
Nov 9, 2009
Sammy Sosa Pictures:Sammy Sosa Bleached Skin-Sammy Sosa Pictures/Sammy/ Sosa Bleached Skin photos can be found here.Sammy Sosa was recently photographed.
http://news.spreadit.org/
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SAMMY SOSA PICTURES - www.thecountiesofireland.com®
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Sammy Sosa's Skin PHOTOS: Pictures Reveal Bleached White ...
Nov 7, 2009 ... SCROLL DOWN FOR PHOTOS *** LATEST UPDATE: Sosa attributes the changes in his skin to a cosmetic cream.
www.huffingtonpost.com
www.huffingtonpost.com/2009/11/07/sammy-sosas-skin-photos-p_n_349602.html
clipped from Google - 10/2009
Sammy Sosa - Biography, pictures, photos, photo, images, latest ...
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Sammy Sosa Pictures
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News articles
Couples Watch: Jillian & Ed, annalynne & Kellan
People Magazine
- Nov 09, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
An unexpected but cute twosome: Aaron Eckhart and Molly Sims recently enjoyed dinner together in a cozy corner booth at Sullivan's Steakhouse in Baton Rouge ...
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Flashback Five - Balloon Boy Exposed! How Do Movie Fakers Fess Up When the ...
AMCtv.com (blog)
- Oct 23, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
Confessing he loves deaf office-worker Christine, Howard (Matt Malloy) tearfully tells her about the scheme he and Chad (Aaron Eckhart) cooked up at her ...
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Love hits the fan
Prague Post
- Nov 05, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
Love Happens tells the story of Burke Ryan (Aaron Eckhart), a widowed self-help guru who rocketed to stardom when he penned a how-to book about coping with ...
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OTHER RELEASES
Taipei Times
- Nov 05, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
Aaron Eckhart (The Dark Knight) is a motivational speaker and author motivated by his wife's death on the roads. Jennifer Aniston is a florist he meets ...
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Blog posts
Aaron Eckhart Ready For The 'Intense Action' Of 'Battle: Los ...
Sep 10, 2009
At the time, the only actor who had come on board the aliens-invade-Los Angeles film was Aaron Eckhart, and Liebesman said that the star was planning to channel Dirty Harry. “He's like a Clint Eastwood-esque leader of the platoon,” ...
http://moviesblog.mtv.com/
Aaron Eckhart is sleepy | Accidental Sexiness
Sep 8, 2009
90908X5. How cute does Aaron Eckhart look with this short hair cut?! The Batman star was spotted catching a flight out of Los Angeles International Airport earlier today. He must be getting ready to promote his new movie Love Happens. ...
http://www.accidentalsexiness.com/
Aaron Eckhart Dates A 13-Year-Old - Late Night - Videogum
Sep 25, 2008
Last night Aaron Eckhart was on The Daily Show promoting his new movie Towelhead, when Jon gave him some ribbing about "dating a 13-year-old" in the movie. Aaron responded by pulling back the curtain on actors' talk show appearances.
http://videogum.com/
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Web results
Aaron Eckhart
Vital statistics, trivia, filmography, and photo gallery.
www.imdb.com
www.imdb.com/name/nm0001173/
clipped from Google - 10/2009
Aaron Eckhart - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Aaron Edward Eckhart (born March 12, 1968) is an American film and stage actor. Born in California, he moved to England at 13 when his father relocated the ...
en.wikipedia.org
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aaron_Eckhart
clipped from Google - 10/2009
MEET ECKHART • Your Source For Everything Aaron Eckhart
Sep 4, 2008 ... Welcome to Meet Eckhart. This site is dedicated to the super talented, Aaron Eckhart. You may recognise him as the a-hole Chad from In The ...
aaron-eckhart.fan-sites.org
aaron-eckhart.fan-sites.org/
clipped from Google - 10/2009
Aaron Eckhart - Yahoo! Movies
Aaron Eckhart : find the latest news, photos, filmography and awards at Yahoo! Movies.
movies.yahoo.com
movies.yahoo.com/movie/contributor/1800022565
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News articles
Cross Country Districts/Regionals
Sioux City Journal
- Oct 22, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
Teammates Ellen Dougherty and Crystal McElhose placed third and fourth, respectively, at the MRAC meet while North's Josee Jansen, a fifth-place finisher, ...
clipped from Google - 10/2009
State cross country results
Sioux City Journal
- Nov 01, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
Other siouxland finishers: 67, Crystal McElhose, Sioux City East, 16:20; 71, Ellen Dougherty, Sioux City East, 16:25; 105, Payton Pry, Sioux City East, ...
clipped from Google - 10/2009
Houlihan leads East girls to 4A state cross country berth
Sioux City Journal
- Oct 27, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
Rounding off the scoring for the Black Raiders were Ellen Dougherty (13th, 16:46.91), Payton Pry (23rd, 17:48.03) and Melissa Frerichsen (29th, 17:52.84). ...
clipped from Google - 10/2009
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Blog posts
MARTA bus driver forces passengers to pray, you decide why | Fresh ...
13 hours ago
Tags: Atlanta Mayor Race 2009, Atlanta mayor's race, Atlanta mayoral election, bitchassness, ellen cleghorne, inappropriate prayer, Insurance Commissioner John Oxendine, lavista, MARTA, northlake, pray, Pray-for-ATL. ...
http://blogs.creativeloafing.com/freshloaf/
Ellen Cleghorne
Aug 6, 2009
Ellen Cleghorne is an American actress and comedian. She is also famous for her cast membership of 'Saturday Night Live' and worked in show from 1991 to 1995.
http://news.puggal.com/
Dear Saturday Night Live: Some positives and negatives | pbpulse.com
Nov 8, 2009
Ellen Cleghorne was her name and there was a woman named Denetria Vance who was there. She died, I believe, from some ailment but she had left the show by then. . And then there was Mya Rudolph, daughter to the late Minnie Ripperton, ...
http://www.pbpulse.com/
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Web results
Ellen Cleghorne - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ellen Cleghorne (born November 29, 1965 in Brooklyn, NY) is an American actress and comedian, best known for being a cast member of Saturday Night Live from ...
en.wikipedia.org
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellen_Cleghorne
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Ellen Cleghorne
Alternate Names: Ellen Cleghorn | Ellen L. Cleghorne | G. Ellen Cleghorne .... Find where Ellen Cleghorne is credited alongside another name ...
www.imdb.com
www.imdb.com/name/nm0165971/
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Ellen Cleghorne - Welcome to The SNL Archives
Ellen Cleghorne. 4, Seasons. 3, Characters. 21, Impressions. Seasons, Characters , Impressions. 1991-1992. Featured Player. 1992-1993. Featured Player ...
snlarc.jt.org
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Ellen Cleghorne
Aug 6, 2009 ... Ellen Cleghorne is an American actress and comedian. She is also famous for her cast membership of 'Saturday Night Live' and worked in show ...
news.puggal.com
news.puggal.com/ellen-cleghorne-6428/
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Carrie Prejean sextape watch, Carrie Prejean sextape torrent and Carrie ...
Khabrein.info
- Nov 11, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
November 11: Carrie Prejean sextape watch, Carrie Prejean sextape torrent, Carrie Prejean sextape video download. Carrie Prejean has always been very ...
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Carrie Prejean Sextape Video, Jimmy the Greek Bio, Not as Must Watch as Ohio ...
Offshore Insiders
- Nov 11, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
Matt Rivers picks are even hotter than the Carrie Prejean Sextape video or Bill Simmons wife picture. From Matt: I've had 11 of 13 winning days after the ...
clipped from Google - 10/2009
Prejean admits to 'sexting'; Braxton splits with hubby
The Virginian-Pilot
- Nov 10, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
-- But it wasn't 'sex,' per se: Former Miss California USA Carrie Prejean calls a sex tape she made for an ex-boyfriend several years ago "the biggest ...
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Carrie Prejean Sex Tape: Literally No Takers Whatsoever
hecklerspray
- Nov 06, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
The whole world should be lining up to watch the Carrie Prejean sex tape, either because it wants to mock the flimsiness of her moral foundations or because ...
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Blog posts
Carrie Prejean Sextape Watch - Carrie Prejean Video download
3 hours ago
Are you one of those who are busy searching for the keyphrases Carrie Prejean Sextape Watch and Carrie Prejean Video download? Now it has exploded all over the web--the Carrie Prejean Sextape. When the rumors about the said tape started ...
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Prejean Sextape Carrie Prejean Prejean Photos Hot Video
14 hours ago
For those of you that wish to search for the Carrie Prejean sextape to watch, DON'T!! Ms. Prejean contends that the video was taken when she was 17, so watching it could potentially mean you are watching child pornography. ...
http://mixxnews.com/
Carrie Prejean Discusses Sex Tape With Sean Hannity: "Worst ...
Nov 9, 2009
Carrie Prejean: Miss California Gives Rambling Speech, Starts Crying At "Values Voters Summit" (VIDEO). Carrie Prejean, formerly Miss California before being stripped of her crown for failing to meet pageant commitments, continues to be ...
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/thenewswire/
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Web results
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Carrie Prejean Discusses Sex Tape With Sean Hannity: "Worst ...
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News articles
'Dirty Jobs' turns lens on W.Va.'s Fenton Glass
phillyBurbs.com
- Nov 09, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
AP Fenton Art Glass of Williamstown is being featured on the Discovery Channel show "Dirty Jobs." Host Mike Rowe visited the plant last year, when Fenton ...
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clipped from Google - 10/2009
Fenton Employees Celebrate their On-Air Debut
WTAP-TV
- Nov 11, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
Fenton Art Glass employees gathered in front of some televisions at JP Henry's in Parkersburg for their Discovery Channel debut. Fenton Glass already ...
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Fenton Art Glass on Discovery Channel
West Virginia Public Broadcasting
- Nov 06, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
By Keri Brown November 9, 2009 · The Fenton Art Glass Company in Williamstown was on the brink of bankruptcy two years ago, but the glassmaker has managed ...
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Home … for now - Fenton house featured on Tour of Homes
Sioux City Journal
- Nov 11, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
The dark glass enclosure is 9 feet high and includes a ceramic tile bench. In fact the ceramic tile decor is incorporated into the rest of the bathroom, ...
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Blog posts
Blogs @ herald-dispatch.com: Heart of Glass: Fenton Glass
Nov 2, 2009
Blenko Glass is a West Virginia treasure that spans generations. Nothing symbolizes the state of West Virginia better or more beautifully than Blenko Glass. We will discuss current and former craftsmen and designers and how important it ...
http://media.herald-dispatch.com/blog/blenko/index.asp
News in the Valley: Fenton Art Glass On DSC Show Tonight--WHSV
20 hours ago
Fenton Art Glass of Williamstown is being featured on the Discovery Channel show "Dirty Jobs." The episode airs 9 p.m. Tuesday. Host Mike Rowe visited the plant last year, when Fenton employees were trying to find ways to help their ...
http://newsinthevalley.blogspot.com/
Fenton Glass Company | SuzieMax Depression Glass Blog
Sep 26, 2009
The Fenton Glass Company was founded in 1905 by two brothers and is still in operation today. They had one Depression Glass pattern and a number of popular.
http://blog.suziemax.com/
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Web results
Fenton Art Glass Company
Handcrafted glass artistry since 1905. Handmade blown and pressed glass in a variety of shapes and colors. Handpainted decorations and product offerings, ...
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Fenton Art Glass Company
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Fenton Glass - Home
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News articles
Biggest Loser Shay Sorrells
Daily Buzz Online (blog)
- Nov 11, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
Biggest Loser Shay Sorrells grew up the youngest of three girls. She was in the foster care system from age five to 18. As far as Shay can remember, ...
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clipped from Google - 10/2009
Abby Rike: 'The Biggest Loser' experience was a "great catalyst"
Reality TV World
- Oct 30, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
... leave first crossed her mind, however she thinks it was when her friend and fellow Black Team member Shauntina "Shay" Sorrells failed to win immunity. ...
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Alumna getting 2nd chance on 'Biggest Loser'
Daily 49er
- Oct 21, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
By Marisol Aguilar Trainer Jillian Michaels, right, yells at Cal State Long Beach alumna Shauntina 'Shay' Sorrells during a workout on season eight, ...
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Tracey Yukich the eighth contestant ousted from 'The Biggest Loser'
Reality TV World
- Nov 06, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
Danny Cahill, Tracey and Shauntina "Shay" Sorrells were eliminated in the challenge's the first phase. Liz chose to opt out of the second phase, ...
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Blog posts
Shauntina “Shay” Sorrells: Biggest Loser 8 | Diets in Review Blog
Aug 20, 2009
Shay Sorrells is a busy married mother of two, pursuing a master's degree in social work in Newport Beach, CA. She's a record setter before the season even begins! Learn more about Shay (aka Shauntina) and the other Biggest Loser ...
http://www.dietsinreview.com/diet_column/
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http://buzzingstock.in/
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Web results
Shauntina “Shay” Sorrells: Biggest Loser 8 | Diets in Review Blog
Meet the new Biggest Loser 8 Contestants! Shay Sorrells is a busy married mother of two, pursuing a master's degree in social work in Newport Beach, CA.
www.dietsinreview.com
www.dietsinreview.com/diet_column/08/shauntina-shay-sorrells-biggest-loser-8/
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Access Extended: The Biggest 'Biggest Loser' Shay Sorrells ...
Shay Sorrells, the heaviest contestant in “Biggest Loser” history, sits down with Access to chat about how food became an addiction, why she wants to lose ...
www.accesshollywood.com
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Shay Sorrells | Facebook
Welcome to the official Facebook Page of Shay Sorrells. Get exclusive content and interact with Shay Sorrells right from Facebook. Join Facebook to create ...
www.facebook.com
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Star Magazine | News | Biggest Loser Star Shay Sorrells' Second Chance
Sep 16, 2009 ... The odds were stacked against The Biggest Loser contestant Shauntina "Shay" Sorrells. She grew up homeless, with a drug-addicted mother, ...
www.starmagazine.com
www.starmagazine.com/news/16049
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News articles
MLB Network makes several on-air blunders after Yankees win World Series
New York Daily News
- Nov 06, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
Something like: "Hey Matt, tell 'em you got your Bobbys mixed up, make the correction and move on." Never happened. MLBN replayed its postgame show ...
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Manny Pacquiao's History in Title Fights
Bad Left Hook (blog)
- Nov 11, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
"This is some prospect, Bobby. To me he's every bit as exciting as Prince Naseem Hamed." -- Jim Lampley, 2002 Pacquiao was featured on the Lewis-Tyson ...
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Sons of Anarchy, "Balm": The best episode yet?
The Star-Ledger - NJ.com
- Nov 11, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
"Blood family, hometown, all that s--t moves back a row. Once you're patched, members are your family. This charter is your home." -Juice "Balm," the best ...
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Brazil Vs. England: The History
Bleacher Report
- Nov 10, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
England's only ever success on Brazilian soil was twenty-five years ago in 1984 when an inexperienced Bobby Robson side managed a fine 2-0 win in the ...
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Blog posts
Matt Damon Narrates World Hunger PSA For U.S. State Department ...
10 hours ago
In a new PSA from the U.S. State Department, Matt Damon highlights the growing world hunger crisis — and the effects that climate change will have on feeding billions of people. ... I think bringing... s: what i want to know is: WHAT MORON CAME UP WITH EATING TAPEWORMS? gosh, people, i know diets are boring and... Michael d'Estries: My understanding is that you then take anti-biotics to kill the worm. The other bummer: You... hil: Wow…I would assume that once you reached ...
http://www.ecorazzi.com/
World Music Share: B. B. King Discography
16 hours ago
Live (1974); Lucille Talks Back (1975); Bobby Bland & B.B. King - Together again... Live (1976); King Size (1977); Midnight Believer (1978); Take It Home (1979); There Is Always One More Time (1981); There Must Be A Better World Somewhere ... Diane Schuur & B.B.King Heart To Heart (1994); Deuces Wild (1997); Blues On The Bayou (1998); Let the Good Times Roll (The Music of Louis Jordan) (1999); B.B.'s Boogie (1999); B.B. King & Eric Clapton - Riding With The King (2000) ...
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Oculus Gets a Facelift | World of Matticus
14 hours ago
Psynister´s last blog ..Vanity Pet Analysis: Lil' K.T. My ComLuv Profile. Bobby Smith on November 10th, 2009 9:23 am. The Oculus or rather the stigma attached to its pre-nerf state is a reflection of the game community as a whole in WoW ...
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YouTube - Bobby's World
I used to love this show when I was a kid, I always wanted one of those three wheeler bikes when I was little just because Bobby had one. ...
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Bobby's World - Home
Home of the Bobby's World TV Show! ... Bobby's World. Kabillion.com · Taffy Entertainment · HOME | CHARACTERS | THE SHOW | STORE | GAMES | INTERVIEW WITH ...
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Bobby's World | TV Show
Bobby's World premiered on FOX on September 8, 1990. From the wacky mind of comedian Howie Mandel comes the coolest cartoon yet, Bobby's World. ...
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bobbys-world.com
Advocate Advocate Mom disabled caregiver special needs Eldalee Cook education resources.
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bexar county tax office

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Crash-and-grab at Bexar County Tax Office
KENS 5 TV
- Nov 11, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
by James Muñoz / KENS 5 Southside residents had to go downtown for the closest Bexar County Tax Office. The southside substaion was closed due to a ...
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Viewpoint: Let's rebuild inner city neighborhoods
San Antonio Express
- Nov 11, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
By Tommy Adkisson - Guest Commentary Teamwork by Windcrest, San Antonio and Bexar County is bringing a renaissance to the old Windsor Park Mall and the ...
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Voter registration system worked for all in 2008
Houston Chronicle
- Nov 06, 2009
- 2 minutes ago
The Harris County Tax Office got the job done getting these voters on the rolls, even though the office received many more transfers of voter applications ...
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Hundreds turn out to block toll plans in county
San Antonio Express
- Oct 27, 2009
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Katt Perry (right) expresses her opposition to a proposal to create toll roads in Bexar County, during a Metropolitan Planning Organization meeting at ...
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About that $5.5 million debt, Mr. Leibowitz | John Tedesco
Nov 2, 2009
In San Antonio, the Bexar County District Clerk offers a “litigant inquiry” on its Web page, where you can type in someone's name and see if they have ever been sued. The county's law firm sues people and companies that fail to pay property ... The clerk's office has recently started digitally scanning filings, so hopefully those documents will be posted online like Pacer. To find tax liens, judgments and other records filed at the courthouse, you can use an amazing, ...
http://johntedesco.net/blog/
Election Day, here and everywhere | First Reading
Nov 3, 2009
“On Monday, the eve of Election Day, Bexar County's elections chief gloomily predicted that fewer than one of every 20 registered voters will have cast ballots by the time polls close tonight. The early voting numbers, ... LLOYD DOGGETT SHOULD BE THROWN OUT OF OFFICE FOR SUPPORTING SUCH A TOTALLY STUPID BILL. FIND A BETTER SOLUTION LIKE TAX CREDITS. LEAVE THE PEOPLES MONEY IN THEIR WALLETS AND STOP KILLING THIS COUNTRYS CHANCES TO COMPETE IN A GOLBAL ECONOMY. ...
http://www.statesman.com/blogs/content/shared-gen/blogs/aust...
Urban Transport: October 27, 2009 San Antonion, Texas: U.S. 281 ...
Oct 27, 2009
The series of votes was the climax of a night in which hundreds of toll opponents packed the Alzafar Shrine Temple on the far North Side to demand that plans for toll roads be stripped from Bexar County's transportation future. ... Rick Perry is in office, a gas-tax increase isn't politically viable. “The third option is tolling,” he said to a boisterous round of boos. “Whether you like it or not, I'm speaking the truth. ... What I'm trying to do is reduce congestion. ...
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TaxOffice
Welcome to the Office of the Tax Assessor-Collector. "We are committed to improving customer service and reducing costs for the taxpayers of Bexar County. ...
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Bexar Appraisal District
The district appraises property according to the Texas Property Tax Code and ... East Central Independent School District, City of Live Oak, Bexar County ...
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Bexar CAD - Property Search
The Bexar Appraisal District makes no claims, promises or guarantees about ... and does not necessarily replicate the values certified to the tax office. ...
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Bexar County
You can search for any account whose property taxes are collected by the Bexar County Tax Office. After locating the account, you can pay online by credit ...
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shay biggest loser

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Biggest Loser week 9 news: No clowning around at the circus (recap)
Examiner.com
- Nov 11, 2009
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Rudy and Shay fly through the hoops with the greatest of ease (but sniping at each other). NBC photo The eight remaining Biggest Loser contestants are ...
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'The Biggest Loser': Revenge, served cold, in DC
Los Angeles Times
- Nov 04, 2009
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But the biggest surprise of the night? Shay. When Liz and Tracey fell below the yellow line at the weigh-in this week, which took place outside the Lincoln ...
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'The Biggest Loser': A record falls
Los Angeles Times
- Oct 27, 2009
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Rudy set a record, becoming the first "Biggest Loser" contestant to lose 100 pounds in seven weeks, breaking Dane's record from last season. ...
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'The Biggest Loser': Who should go home in Week 9?
phillyBurbs.com
- Nov 09, 2009
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... all my predictions come true, will it? As always, I'll be following along with "The Biggest Loser" on Tuesday night, via Twitter and my blog. See you then!
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The Biggest Loser Recap 11/10 Double Elimination |Have U Heard??
1 hour ago
Shay arrived at the Biggest Loser campus weighing 476 pounds and leaves weighing 376. Daniel started out on the Biggest Loser at 454 pounds last season. He now weighs 239 pounds and has lost 215 pounds in a year. ...
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'The Biggest Loser': Tracey's gone! Tracey's gone! Tracey's gone ...
Nov 3, 2009
It was a very special episode this week, as “The Biggest Loser” heads to the nation's capital. Even more importantly, this season's requisite villain loses the popular vote. ... Naturally, we all presume that Shay, Tracey and Danny are probably out. That presumption is correct. Stage Two takes place on the steps of Watergate. They've got to go up and down the steps, gathering thousands of pennies to fill their banks. Thanks to Rudy's giant paws, he scoops up these pennies ...
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Review: The Biggest Loser - Week Seven - TV Squad
Oct 28, 2009
Filed under: OpEd, The Biggest Loser, Episode Reviews. PRINT| E-MAIL|MORE. Shay Sorrells (S08E07) These eliminations just aren't getting any easier, which is frustrating because there are people there that I wouldn't mind seeing booted ...
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The Biggest Loser - NBC Site
Test your skills and see how fast you can spot the bad food and toss it out by playing the latest Biggest Loser game today! ...
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Shauntina “Shay” Sorrells: Biggest Loser 8 | Diets in Review Blog
Meet the new Biggest Loser 8 Contestants! Shay Sorrells is a busy married mother of two, pursuing a master's degree in social work in Newport Beach, CA.
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Star Magazine | News | Biggest Loser Star Shay Sorrells' Second Chance
Sep 16, 2009 ... The odds were stacked against The Biggest Loser contestant Shauntina "Shay" Sorrells. She grew up homeless, with a drug-addicted mother, ...
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Shay Biggest Loser 8 - Shay Sorrells - Shay Sorrells Pictures ...
Shay Sorrells from The Biggest Loser - Get Shay Sorrells from The Biggest Loser pictures, biography, movies, tv shows, latest news, forum and more.
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Ancient Jordan
The most prominent early roots of Jordan , as an independent state, can be traced to the Kingdom of Petra, which was founded by the Nabataeans(Arabic: الأنباط, Al-Anbāt) an ancient Semitic people from Arabia who developed the North Arabic Script that evolved into the Modern Arabic script. During its glory, the Nabataean Kingdom controlled regional trade routes by dominating a large area southwest of the fertile crescent, which included the whole of modern Jordan extending from Syria in the North to the northernArabian Peninsula in the south. As a result, Petra enjoyed independence, prosperity and wealth for hundreds of years until it was absorbed by the Roman Empire which was still expanding in 100 A.D.
Jordan also witnessed many other smaller ancient kingdoms having sovereignty for centuries, in addition to the Nabataeans. These included the Kingdom of Edom, the Kingdom of Ammon, the Kingdom of Moab, theKingdom of Judah, and the Hasmonean Kingdom of the Maccabees, which are all mentioned in the Bibleand other ancient Near Eastern documents.[39]
During the Greco-Roman period of influence, a number of semi-independent city-states also developed in Jordan under the umbrella of the Decapolis including: Gerasa (Jerash), Philadelphia (Amman), Raphana(Abila), Dion (Capitolias), Gadara (Umm Qays), and Pella (Irbid).
Later, Jordan became part of the Arabic Islamic Empire across its different Caliphates stages including Rashidun Empire, Umayyad Empire andAbbasid Empire. After the decline of the Abbasid, Jordan was ruled by several conflicting powers including the Mongols, the Crusaders, theAyyubids and the Mamluks until it became part of the Ottoman Empire in the 16th century.
[edit]Modern Jordan
With the break-up of the Ottoman Empire at the end of World War I, the League of Nations and the occupying powers chose to redraw the borders of the Middle East. The ensuing decisions, most notably the Sykes–Picot Agreement gave birth to the French Mandate of Syria andBritish Mandate of Palestine. More than 76% of the British Mandate of Palestine was east of the Jordan river and was known as "Transjordan".
The country was called "Transjordan", under British supervision until after World War II. In 1946, the British requested that the United Nationsapprove an end to British Mandate rule in Transjordan. Following this approval, the Transjordanian Parliament proclaimed King Abdullah as the first ruler of the Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan. Abdullah I continued to rule until a Palestinian Arab assassinated him in 1951 as he was departing from the al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem.
During the 1948 Arab-Israeli war, Jordan captured the area of Cisjordan now called the West Bank, which it continued to control in accordance with the 1949 Armistice Agreements. Abdullah thereupon took the title King of Jordan, and he officially changed the country's name to the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in April 1949. The following year he annexed the West Bank, but only two countries recognized this annexation: Britain and Pakistan.[40][41]


Approximate image showing the land exchanged between Jordan (green) and Saudi Arabia (red).


The Jordan salient. June 5–7 during the Six Day War.


Jordanian parachute flares illuminate Jerusalem during the Arab-Israeli war in 1948
Jordan and Iraq united in 1958 to form the Arab Federation of Iraq and Jordan under the Hashemite crowns in Amman and Baghdad. A coup later that year would end the union with the execution of the Hashemite crown in Baghdad. The United Arab Republic consisting of Egypt, Syria, and Yemen quickly moved to antagonize Jordan's young King Hussein with Soviet support. King Hussein asked for British and American assistance. The RAF and the USAF was sent to patrol Jordanian airspace and British troops were deployed in Amman. The UAR backed off but then turned to Lebanon. The Americans would later be deployed inBeirut to support Lebanon's pro-Western government.
In 1965, there was an exchange of land between Saudi Arabia and Jordan. Jordan gave up a large area of inland desert in return for a small piece of sea-shore near Aqaba.
Jordan signed a military pact with Egypt in May 1967, and following an Israeli air attack on Egypt in June 1967, Egypt, Jordan, Syria and Iraq continued the Six Day War against Israel. During the war, Israel captured the West Bank and East Jerusalem. In 1988, Jordan renounced all claims to the territory now occupied by Israel but its 1994 treaty with Israel allowed for a continuing Jordanian role in Muslim and Christian holy places in Jerusalem. The severance of administrative ties with the West Bank halted the Jordanian government's paying of civil servants and public sectoremployees' salaries in the West Bank.
The period following the 1967 war saw an upsurge in the activity and numbers of Arab Palestinian paramilitary elements (fedayeen) within the state of Jordan. These distinct, armed militias were becoming a "state within a state", threatening Jordan's rule of law. King Hussein's armed forces targeted the fedayeen, and open fighting erupted in June 1970. The battle in which Palestinian fighters from various Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) groups were expelled from Jordan is commonly known as Black September.
The heaviest fighting occurred in northern Jordan and Amman. In the ensuing heavy fighting, a Syrian tank force invaded northern Jordan to back the fedayeen fighters, but subsequently retreated. King Husseinurgently asked the United States, Great Britain and Israel to intervene against Syria. Consequently, Israel performed mock air strikes on the Syrian column at the Americans' request. Soon after, Syrian President Nureddin al-Atassi, ordered a hasty retreat from Jordanian soil.[42][43][44]By September 22, Arab foreign ministers meeting in Cairo arranged a cease-fire beginning the following day. However, sporadic violence continued until Jordanian forces, led by Habis Al-Majali, with the help of Iraqi forces,[45] won a decisive victory over the fedayeen on July 1971, expelling them, and ultimately the PLO's Yasser Arafat, from Jordan.
At the Rabat summit conference in 1974, Jordan was now in a more secure position to agree, along with the rest of the Arab League, that the PLO was the "sole legitimate representative of the [Arab] Palestinian people", thereby relinquishing to that organization its role as representative of the West Bank.
In 1973, allied Arab League forces attacked Israel in the Yom Kippur War, and fighting occurred along the 1967 Jordan River cease-fire line. Jordan sent a brigade to Syria to attack Israeli units on Syrian territory but did not engage Israeli forces from Jordanian territory.
Although Jordan did not directly participate in the Gulf War of 1990–91, following Iraq's invasion of Kuwait, King Hussein was accused of supporting Saddam Hussein when he attempted to persuade Saddam Hussein to withdraw from Kuwait. As a result of the alleged support, the United States and Arab countries cut off monetary aid to Jordan, and 700,000 Jordanians who had been working in Arab countries were forced to return to Jordan. In addition, millions of Iraqi refugees fled to Jordan placing a strain on the country's social services.
In 1991, Jordan agreed, along with Syria, Lebanon, and Arab Palestinian fedayeen representatives, to participate in direct peace negotiations with Israel at the Madrid Conference, sponsored by the U.S. and Russia. It negotiated an end to hostilities with Israel and signed a declaration to that effect on 25 July 1994 (see Washington Declaration). As a result, an Israeli-Jordanian peace treaty was concluded on 26 October 1994. King Hussein was later honored when his picture appeared on an Israeli postage stamp in recognition of the good relations he established with his neighbor. Since the signing of the peace treaty with Israel, the United States not only contributes hundreds of millions of dollars in an annual foreign aid stipend to Jordan, but also has allowed it to establish a free trade zone in which to manufacture goods that will enter the US without paying the usual import taxes as long as a percentage of the material used in them is purchased in Israel.
King Hussein died in 1999. His son, King Abdullah II succeeded him.
Following the outbreak of fighting between Israel and Palestinians in the Second Intifada in September 2000, the Jordanian government offered its offices to both parties. Jordan has since sought to remain at peace with all of its neighbors. Particularly good relations have been maintained between the Jordanian royal family and Israel, with the Jordanian government frequently dispersing rallies and jailing demonstrators protesting against Israeli actions. The government also censors anti-Israeli views from the Jordanian news media.
The last major strain in Jordan's relations with Israel occurred in September, 1997, when two Israeli agents entered Jordan using Canadian passports and poisoned Khaled Meshal, a senior leader of the Palestinian group Hamas. Under threat of cutting off diplomatic relations, King Hussein forced Israel to provide an antidote to the poison and to release dozens of Jordanians and Palestinians from its prisons, including the spiritual leader of Hamas, Sheikh Ahmed Yassin. Sheikh Yassin was later assassinated by Israel in a targeted bombing in early 2004 in the West Bank.
On 9 November 2005 Jordan experienced three simultaneous terrorist bombings at hotels in Amman. At least 57 people died and 115 were wounded. "Al-Qaeda in Iraq", a group led by terrorist Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, a native Jordanian, claimed responsibility.
Recently, Jordan has revoked the citizenship of thousands of Palestinians in an attempt to thwart any attempt by Israel of permanetly re-settling West Bank Palestinians in Jordan. West Bank Palestinians with family in Jordan or with previous Jordanian citizenship would be issued yellow cards which guaranteed them all the rights of Jordanian citizenship. Palestinians working for the Palestinian Authority or the PLO were among those who have had their Jordanian passports taken from them, in addition to anyone who did not serve in the Jordanian army. Palestinians living in Jordan with family in the West Bank would also be issued yellow cards. All other Palestinians wishing such Jordanian papers would be issued a green card which would facilitate travel into Jordan and give them temporary Jordanian passports in order to make travel easier. In addition, no Palestinians from the Gaza Strip are given any such privileges because Jordanian authority never extended into the Gaza Strip.[46]
[edit]Geography


Map of Jordan
Main article: Geography of Jordan


Mount Nebo is an elevated ridge that is approximately 817 meteres (2680 feet) above sea level in Western Jordan.
Jordan is a Southwest Asian country, bordered by Syria to the north, Iraq to the northeast, Saudi Arabia to the east and south andIsrael to the west. All these border lines add up to 1,619 km (1,006 mi). The Gulf of Aqaba and the Dead Sea also touch the country, and thus Jordan has a coastline of 26 km (16 mi).
Jordan consists of arid forest plateau in the east irrigated by oasis and seasonal water streams, with highland area in the west of arable land and Mediterranean evergreen forestry. The Great Rift Valley of the Jordan River separates Jordan, the west bank and Israel. The highest point in the country is Jabal Umm al Dami, it is 1,854 m (6,083 ft) above sea level, its top is also covered with snow, while the lowest is the Dead Sea -420 m (−1,378 ft). Jordan is part of a region considered to be "thecradle of civilization", the Levant region of the Fertile Crescent.
Major cities include the capital Amman in the northwest, Irbid and Az Zarqa, both in the north. Madaba, Karak and Aqaba in the south.
The climate in Jordan is semidry in summer with average temperature in the mid-30°C (mid-90°F) and relatively cold in winter averaging around −1.3 °C (30 °F). The western part of the country receives greater precipitation during the winter season from November to March and snowfall in Amman (756 m (2,480 ft) ~ 1,280 m (4,199 ft) above sea-level) and Western Heights of 500 m (1,640 ft). Excluding the rift valley the rest of the country is entirely above 300 m (984 ft)(SL).[47]
[edit]Climate


Snow in Amman
The major characteristic of the climate is humid from November to March and semi dry weather for the rest of the year. With hot, dry, uniform summers and cool, freezing variable winters during which practically all of the precipitation occurs, the country has a Mediterranean-style climate. In general, the farther inland from the Mediterranean Sea a given part of the country lies, the greater are the seasonal contrasts in temperature and the less rainfall. Atmospheric pressures during the summer months are relatively uniform, whereas the winter months bring a succession of marked low pressure areas and accompanying cold fronts. These cyclonic disturbances generally move eastward from over the Mediterranean Sea several times a month and result in sporadic precipitation.
Most of the East Bank receives less than 620 mm of rain a year and may be classified as a semi dry region. Where the ground rises to form the highlands east of the Jordan Valley, precipitation increases to around 300 mm in the south and 500 or more mm in the north. The Jordan Valley, lying in the lee of high ground on the West Bank, forms a narrow climatic zone that annually receives up to 900 mm of rain in the northern reaches; rain dwindles to less than 120 mm at the head of theDead Sea.


Spring in Amman
The country's long summer reaches a peak during August. January is usually the coldest month. The fairly wide ranges of temperature during a twenty-four-hour period are greatest during the summer months and have a tendency to increase with higher elevation and distance from the Mediterranean seacoast. Daytime temperatures during the summer months frequently exceed 29 °C and average about 32 °C. In contrast, the winter months—September to March—bring moderately cool and sometimes very cold weather, averaging about 3.2 °C. Except in the rift depression, frost is fairly common during the winter, it may take the form of snow at the higher elevations of the north western highlands. Usually it snows a couple of times in the winter in northern Jordan.
For a month or so before and after the summer dry season, hot, dry air from the desert, drawn by low pressure, produces strong winds from the south or southeast that sometimes reach gale force. Known in the Middle East by various names, including the khamsin, this dry, sirocco-style wind is usually accompanied by great dust clouds. Its onset is heralded by a hazy sky, a fallingbarometer, and a drop in relative humidity to about 10 percent. Within a few hours there may be a 10 °C to 15 °C rise in temperature. These windstorms ordinarily last a day or so, cause much discomfort, and destroy crops by desiccating them.
The shamal, another wind of some significance, comes from the north or northwest, generally at intervals between June and September. Remarkably steady during daytime hours but becoming a breeze at night, the shammal may blow for as long as nine days out of ten and then repeat the process. It originates as a dry continental mass of polar air that is warmed as it passes over the Eurasian landmass. The dryness allows intense heating of the Earth's surface by the sun, resulting in high daytime temperatures that moderate after sunset.
[edit]Administrative divisions
Main articles: Governorates of Jordan and Nahias of Jordan
Administratively, Jordan is divided into 12 provinces called governorates, each headed by a governor appointed by the king. They are the sole authorities for all government departments and development projects in their respective areas. The Governorates are:
Province Population (2008 est.)[48]
Capital city Population (Metropolitan, 2008 est)[49]

Ajlun Governorate
118,496 Ajlun
8,161
Amman Governorate
1,939,405 Amman
1,135,733
Aqaba Governorate
107,115 Aqaba
95,408
Balqa Governorate
349,580 As-Salt
87,778
Irbid Governorate
950,700 Irbid
650,000
Jerash Governorate
156,680 Jerash
39,540
Karak Governorate
214,225 Karak
22,580
Ma'an Governorate
103,920 Ma'an
30,050
Madaba Governorate
135,890 Madaba
83,180
Mafraq Governorate
245,670 Mafraq
56,340
Tafilah Governorate
81,000 Tafilah

Zarqa Governorate
838,250 Zarqa
447,880
The Governorates are subdivided into approximately fifty-two nahiyas.
[edit]Demographics


Graph showing the population of Jordan from 1960 to 2005.
Main article: Demographics of Jordan
The Jordan National Census for the year 2004, which was released on October 1 of the same year, gave the following results:
1. As of October 1 2004, Jordan had a population of 5,100,981. The census estimated that there are another 190,000 who were not counted (for being out of the country at the time the census was taken, or did not turn in their forms).
2. The census showed that the national growth rate was 2.5% (at maximum) compared to 3.3% of the 1994 census.
3. The census of 2004 also shows that males made up 51.5% of Jordan's population (2,628,717). Females: 2,472,264 (48.5%).
4. Jordanian citizens made up 93% of the population (4,750,463), while non Jordanians made up 7% (349,933). However, it is estimated that most of those who did not turn in their forms were immigrants from neighboring countries, or non Arabic-speaking foreigners.
5. There were 946,000 families in Jordan in 2004, with an average of 5.3 persons/family (compared to 6 persons/family for the census of 1994).[50] The next census is scheduled to take place in 2014.
During the years 2004–2007, Jordan saw a rapid increase in its population due to the heavy migration of Iraqi refugees, an independent census carried in 2007, estimated that there are 700,000 Iraqis residing in Jordan. Most estimates put the population of Jordan slightly over 6,000,000 as of the year 2007.
Approximately 95 to 98% of Jordan's population are "Arabs", that is, Arabic-speaking Arab-identified people. Among "Arabs", 60 to 80% are of Palestinian and Syrian origin, only a minority are indigenous Jordanians. Of the non-Arab population, most are Circassians, Chechens,Armenians, Kurds, and Gypsies, which have all maintained separate ethic identities, but have integrated into mainstream Jordanian and Arab culture.[51][52]
The number of Lebanese permanently settling in Jordan since the 2006 Lebanon War has not been established, and is estimated to be very little. According to Labour Ministry figures, the number of guest workers in the country now stands just over 300,000, most are Egyptians who makeup 227,000 of the foreign labor, and the remaining 36,150 workers are mostly from Bangladesh, China, Sri Lanka and India. Since the Iraq War many Christians (Assyrians and Chaldeans) from Iraq have settled permanently or temporarily in Jordan.
About 92% of Jordanians are Muslims. The majority are Sunni.
Jordanian Christians permanently residing in Jordan form approximately 6% of the population and are allocated respective seats in parliament (The Department of Statistics released no information about the religion distribution from the census of 2004). Most Jordanian Christians belong to the Greek Orthodox faith (locally called "Ruum Urthudux" in Arabic). The remainder include Roman Catholics (locally called "Lateen"), the Eastern Catholic Melkites (locally called "Ruum Katoleek") and distinct from other "Western Catholics", as well as various Protestant denominations including Baptists. Most Jordanian Christians are indigenous Arabs, hold services in the Arabic language, and share the culture of Jordan and the broader East Mediterranean Levantine Arab Identity. Expatriate Christians in Jordan include many nationalities, as evinced, for example, by some Catholic masses being celebrated in English, French, Italian, Spanish, Tagalog and Sinhala, and Iraqi dialects of Arabic.
Other Jordanians belonging to religious minorities include adherents to the Druze and Bahá'í Faith. The Druze are mainly located in the EasternOasis Town of Azraq and the city of Zarka, while the Village of Adassiyeh bordering the Jordan Valley is home to Jordan's Bahá'í community.
The official language is Arabic, but English is used widely in commerce and government and among educated people. Arabic and English are obligatory learning at public and private schools. French is taught at some public and private schools but is not obligatory. However, a vibrantFrancophone community has emerged in modern Jordan.[citation needed] Radio Jordan offers radio services in Arabic, English and French.
A portion of the people are registered as Palestinian refugees and displaced persons reside in Jordan, most as citizens. Since 2003 many Iraqis fleeing the Iraq War have settled in Jordan; latest estimates indicate between 700,000 and 1.7 million Iraqis living in Jordan;[53] mainly in Amman, the capital.[54]
[edit]Politics


King Abdullah II, Jordanian Head of State.
Main article: Politics of Jordan


Queen Rania in the Yellow Oval Room in the White House Residence.
Jordan's most executive power is the King although it is aconstitutional monarchy with a representative government. The King traditionally has held substantial power, however the democratically-elected Parliament holds significant influence and power in national governance.
[edit]Constitution
Jordan is a constitutional monarchy based on the constitutionpromulgated on 8 January 1952. Executive authority is vested in the king and his council of ministers. The king signs and executes all laws. His veto power may be overridden by a two-thirds vote of both houses of the National Assembly. He appoints and may dismiss all judges by decree, approves amendments to the constitution, declares war, and commands the armed forces. Cabinet decisions, court judgments, and the national currency are issued in his name. The council of ministers, led by a prime minister, is appointed by the king, who may dismiss other cabinet members at the prime minister's request. The cabinet is responsible to the Chamber of Deputies on matters of general policy and can be forced to resign by a 50% or more of vote of "no confidence" by that body.
The constitution provides for three categories of courts: civil, religious, and special. Administratively, Jordan is divided into twelve governorates, each headed by a governor appointed by the king. They are the sole authorities for all government departments and development projects in their respective areas.
[edit]Legal system and legislation
Jordan's legal system is based on Islamic law and French codes. Judicial review of legislative acts occurs in a special High Tribunal. It has not accepted compulsory International Court of Justice jurisdiction.
Jordan has multi-party politics. There are over 30 political parties in the Jordan from a wide range of positions ranging from extreme left (Jordanian Communist Party) to extreme right (Islamic Action Front).
Article 97 of Jordan’s constitution guarantees the independence of the judicial branch, clearly stating that judges are 'subject to no authority but that of the law.' While the king must approve the appointment and dismissal of judges, in practice these are supervised by the Higher Judicial Council.
The Jordanian legal system draws upon civil traditions as well as Islamic law and custom. Article 99 of the Constitution divides the courts into three categories: civil, religious and special. The civil courts deal with civil and criminal matters in accordance with the law, and they have jurisdiction over all persons in all matters, civil and criminal, including cases brought against the government. The civil courts include Magistrate Courts, Courts of First Instance, Courts of Appeal, High Administrative Courts and the Supreme Court.
The religious courts include shari’a (Islamic law) courts and the tribunals of other religious communities, namely those of the Christian minority. Religious courts have primary and appellate courts and deal only with matters involving personal law such as marriage, divorce, inheritance and child custody. Shari’a courts also have jurisdiction over matters pertaining to the Islamic waqfs. In cases involving parties of different religions, regular courts have jurisdiction.[55]
Specialized courts involve various bodies. One such body is the Supreme Council which will interpret the Constitution if requested by either the National Assembly or the prime minister, according to Dew et al.: "...such courts are usually created in areas that the legislator deems should be governed by specialized courts with more experience and knowledge in specific matters than other regular courts."[56] Other examples of special courts include the Court of Income Tax and the Highest Court of Felonies.
The strictly military courts of the martial law period have been abolished and replaced with a State Security Court, which is composed of both military and civilian judges. The court tries both military and civilians and its jurisdiction includes offenses against the external and internal security of the state as well as drug-related and other offenses. The findings of this court are subject to appeal before the High Court.
Both Article 102 of the Constitution and the Code of Criminal Procedure mandate the right of an accused person to a lawyer of his or her own choice during the investigation and trial period. Article 22 of the Code of Criminal Procedure also provides that a lawyer has the right to attend the interrogation unless the investigation is confidential or urgent. Article 28 of the Code of Criminal Procedure declares that detainees should be brought before a court within 48 hours of arrest, even in special security cases, giving them an opportunity to have full access to legal counsel.[55]
Prior to 2002 Jordan’s legal system only allowed men to file for divorce, however, during this year the first Jordanian woman successfully filed for divorce;[57] this was made possible from a proposal by a royal human rights commission which had been established by King Abdullah who had vowed to improve the status of women in Jordan.
Despite being traditionally dominated by men the number of women involved as lawyers in the Jordan legal system has been increasing. As of mid-2006 Jordan had 1,284 female lawyers, out of a total number of 6,915, and 35 female judges from a total of 630. In Jordan, between 15 and 20 women are murdered annually in the name of "honour" and at least eight such killings have been reported in 2008, according to Jordanian authorities. In 2007 17 such murders were recorded.
[edit]Kings of Jordan and political events
King Abdullah I ruled Jordan after independence from Britain. After the assassination of King Abdullah I in 1951, his son King Talal ruled briefly. King Talal's major accomplishment was the Jordanian constitution. King Talal was removed from the throne in 1952 due to mental illness. At that time his son, Hussein, was too young to rule, and hence a committee ruled over Jordan.
After Hussein reached 18, he ruled Jordan as king from 1953 to 1999, surviving a number of challenges to his rule, drawing on the loyalty of his military, and serving as a symbol of unity and stability for both the Bedouin-related and Palestinian communities in Jordan. King Hussein endedmartial law in 1991 and legalized political parties in 1992. In 1989 and 1993, Jordan held free and fair parliamentary elections. Controversial changes in the election law led Islamist parties to boycott the 1997 elections.
King Abdullah II succeeded his father Hussein following the latter's death in February 1999. Abdullah moved quickly to reaffirm Jordan's peace treaty with Israel and its relations with the United States. Abdullah, during the first year in power, refocused the government's agenda on economic reform.
Jordan's continuing structural economic difficulties, burgeoning population, and more open political environment led to the emergence of a variety of political parties. Moving toward greater independence, Jordan's parliament has investigated corruption charges against several regime figures and has become the major forum in which differing political views, including those of political Islamists, are expressed. While the King remains the ultimate authority in Jordan, the parliament plays an important role.
[edit]Religion
Religion in Jordan[51]

Religion Percent
Sunni Muslims
  92%
Christian
  6%
Shia Muslims, Druze
  2%

Main article: Religion in Jordan


The Abu Darweesh Mosque was built in 1961 by theCircassian community which came to settle in Amman


A Greek Orthodox Church in Amman
Jordan's official religion is Islam and Islamic studies are offered to students but are not mandatory to non-Muslim students. Jordan is an advocate for religious freedom in the region and the world. Religious officials have no part in the government and are not allowed to interfere in the state's affairs. People may be tried in religious courts if they wish, but civil courts are the norm.
The population consists of 92 percent Sunni Muslims, 6 percent Christian (majority Greek Orthodox, but some Greek Catholics (Melkites) and Roman Catholics, Syrian Orthodox, Coptic Orthodox, Armenian Orthodox, and Protestant denominations), and 2 percent other (several small Shia Muslim and Druze populations).[51]
Christians made up 30% of the Jordanian population in 1950.[58] However, emigrationto Europe, Canada and the United Statesand lower birth rates compared to Muslims has significantly decreased the ratio of the Christian population.[58]
[edit]Parliament
Main article: Parliament of Jordan
The 1952 Constitution provided for the establishment of the bicameral Jordanian National Assembly (‘Majlis al-Umma’). The Parliament consists of two Chambers: The Chamber of Deputies (‘Majlis al-Nuwaab’) and the Senate (‘Majlis al-Aayan’; literally, ‘Assembly of Notables’). The Senate has 55 Senators, all of whom are directly appointed by the King,[59] whilst the Chamber of Deputies/House of Representatives has 80 elected members representing 12 constituencies. Of the 80 members of the Lower Chamber, 71 must be Muslim and 9 Christians, with six seats held back specifically for women. The Constitution ensures that the Senate cannot be more than half the size of the Chamber of Deputies.
The constitution does not provide a strong system of checks and balances within which the Jordanian Parliament can assert its role in relationship to the monarch. During the suspension of Parliament between 2001 and 2003, the scope of King Abdullah II’s power was demonstrated with the passing of 110 temporary laws. Two of such laws dealt with election law and were seen to reduce the power of Parliament.[60][61]
[edit]Term
Senators have terms of four years and are appointed by the King and can be reappointed. Prospective Senators must be at least forty years old and have held senior positions in either the government or military. Appointed Senators have included former Prime Ministers and Members of the Chamber of Deputies. Deputies are elected to also serve a four year term. Candidates must be older than thirty-five, cannot have blood ties to the King, and must not have any financial interests in government contracts.[62]
[edit]Political parties
The reforms of 1989 legalized political parties and opposition movements. The result is over 30 political parties, but the only political party that plays a role in the legislature is the Islamic Action Front (IAF). Political parties can be seen to represent four sections: Islamists, leftists, Arab nationalists and liberals. Some other political parties in Jordan including the Jordanian Arab Democratic Party, Jordanian Socialist Party, and Muslim Centre Party, but these have little impact on the political process.
[edit]Immigration


The growing Iraqi Chaldean Catholic population in Jordan.
Jordan has one of the highest immigration rates in the world. Iraqis, Palestinians, Lebanese, Syrians,Egyptians, Armenians, Circassians, Iranians, Turks, and Chechens are just some of the nationalities that make up Jordan's diverse background. In addition, there are several hundreds of thousands migrant workers from Indonesia, the Phillipines, China, India, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh employed in Jordanian QIZs, households, and construction projects. Ethnic Jordanians only make up about a quarter of the population with some even estimating it at less. Jordan's political stability, ethnic and religious toleration, peace with all its neighbors, and a higher quality of life make Jordan a favourite destination for refugees and political asylum seekers.
[edit]Human rights
Main article: Human rights in Jordan
According to King Hussein's website, Jordan "has consistently been cited by Amnesty International as the country with the best human rights record in the region."[63] However, there are still several issues that continue to cause some concern for human rights watchdogs like administrative detention, so called "honour killings", and slow democratic reforms. Jordan ranked as "Not Free" in Freedom House's 2008 Press Freedom rankings[64]. Jordan’s civil liberties and political rights ranked 5.0 "Partly Free" near "Not Free" in Freedom House's 2009 rankings, a drop from last year. Jordan has the 5th freest press in the Arab World out of 21 countries. [65][66]. The Kingdom is committed to freedom of expression and choice. Measured by the Annual Freedom House survey, Jordan ranks third in the Middle East on major areas of freedom, from investment to expression.[67]
Also, Jordan enjoys transparent governance, ranking 4th among Arab countries in the 2007 Corruption Perceptions Index issued by Transparency International, after Qatar, UAE and Bahrain. Further efforts to enhance its position include ratifying the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) where Jordan emerged as a regional leader in spearheading efforts to promote the UNCAC and its implementation.[68]
Amnesty International showed concern about the practices of torture and ill-treatment in Jordan, "as well as the link between torture, unfair trials, and the death penalty."[69] Amnesty International also showed concern about death-penalty rulings in Jordan "because there is a pattern of death sentences, and sometimes executions, occurring as a result of unfair trials where confessions extracted under torture are used as evidence against the defendants".[69] According to the same Amnesty International report, there is a pattern of suppression of freedom of expression and association in Jordan.[69]
According to Amnesty, "The practice of killing women and girls by husbands or family members because they have allegedly engaged in behavior that goes against social norms (so-called "honor killings") continues to be a problem in Jordan; with an average of 20 Jordanian women killed each year. Measures calling for stricter punishment for those committing honor killings have failed to be enacted"[69] Three years ago, the government abolished the section of the penal code that allowed those convicted of honor killings to receive sentences as lenient as six months in prison. The judiciary has not, however, put them on an equal footing with other homicides, which are punishable by up to 15 years in jail. Honor crime offenders typically get anywhere between seven-and-a-half years in jail to commuted sentences after being pardoned by the slain woman's parents, which is usually their own family.[70] Recently, the Judicial Ministry established a special tribunal for honor crimes that would speed up trials which would often take up to 18 months.[71]
Amnesty also reported on the abuse of foreign domestic workers in Jordan. These violations surfaced after hundreds of Filipino maids fled to their embassy to escape abuse. It said that many workers out of a total of 70.000 suffer human rights violations.[69] In August of 2009 a new law aimed at improving the rights of domestic workers was passed by the cabinet. The reported improvements include religious freedom, healthcare, 10-hour workdays, one contact per month with the worker's homeland at the employer's expense, 14 day paid annual leave and 14 days of paid sick leave per year.
The Jordanian Constitution provides for the freedom to practice one's religion in accordance with the customs in the Kingdom, unless they violate public order or morality. Jordan's state religion is Islam. The Government bans conversion from Islam and efforts to proselytize Muslims.
Religious freedom in Jordan declined in 2008. The Jordanian government's handling of apostasy cases, expulsion of approximately thirty foreign Christian religious workers, and various cases of individual and organizational harassment based on religious beliefs all contributed to the decline. Members of unrecognized religious groups and converts from Islam face legal discrimination and risk the loss of civil rights, including threats to them and/or family. Shari'a courts have the authority to prosecute proselytizers and converts from Islam. In February of 2008, the government began enforcing an ordinance which "makes proselytizing a criminal offense,". The ordinance mandates "that anyone who makes, stores or distributes printed documents, or audiovisual materials with the intent of 'shaking the faith' of a Muslim may face a maximum of five years' imprisonment" and a fine equivalent to 7,100 dollars.
There were several problems pertaining to religious freedom in Jordan. These problems were mainly faced by Christians and other non-Muslims and included, mass deportation, annulling of marriages, the taking to court without legal representation, the denial of re-entry into Jordan after having been outside the country, the denial of residency renewal, the detention of various Christians and non-Muslims, one of which was detained for 20 hours at Queen Alia International Airport,and the closing of several Churches in the country.[72]
Despite these cases, Christians are well integrated into the Kingdom’s political and economic landscapes. At least one Christian holds a ministerial post in every government, eight seats in the 110-seat Parliament, and a similar number is appointed to the Upper House by the King. They serve in the military, many have high positions in the army, and they have established good relations with the royal family. [73]
[edit]Economy


The Four Seasons hotel in Amman, Jordan'scapital.
Main article: Economy of Jordan
Jordan is a small country with limited natural resources. The country is currently exploring ways to expand its limited water supply and use its existing water resources more efficiently, including through regional cooperation. The country depends on external sources for the majority of its energy requirements. During the 1990s, its crude petroleum needs were met through imports from Iraq and neighboring countries. Since early 2003, oil has been provided by some Gulf Cooperation Council member countries. In addition, the Arab Gas Pipeline fromEgypt to the southern port city of Aqaba was completed in 2003. The government plans to extend this pipeline north to the Amman area and beyond. Since 2000, exports of light manufactured products, principally textiles and garments manufactured in the Qualifying Industrial Zones (QIZ) that enter the United States tariff and quota free, have been driving economic growth. Jordan exported €5.6 million ($6.9 million) in goods to the U.S. in 1997, when two-way trade was €321 million ($395 million); it exported €538 million ($661 million) in 2002 with two-way trade at €855 million ($1.05 billion). Similar growth in exports to the United States under the bilateral US-Jordan Free Trade Agreement that went into effect in December 2001, to the European Union under the bilateral Association Agreement, and to countries in the region, holds considerable promise for diversifying Jordan's economy away from its traditional reliance on exports of phosphates and potash, overseas remittances, and foreign aid. The government has emphasized the information technology (IT) and tourism sectors as other promising growth sectors. The low tax and low regulation Aqaba Special Economic Zone (ASEZA) is considered a model of a government-provided framework for private sector-led economic growth.


Location of Qualifying Industrial Zones in Jordan
Since King Abdullah II's accession to the throne in 1999, liberal economic policies have been introduced which has resulted in a boom lasting for a decade continuing even through 2009. Jordan is now one of the freest and most competitive economies in the Middle East scoring higher than the United Arab Emiratesand Lebanon in the 2009 Heritage Foundation Index. Jordan's developed and modern banking sector is becoming the investment destination of choice due to its conservative bank policies that helped Jordan escape the worst of the global financial crisis of 2009. With instability across the region in Iraq andLebanon, Jordan is emerging as the "business capital of the Levant" and the "the next Beirut". Jordan's economy has been growing at an annual rate of 7% for a decade.
Jordan has more free trade agreements than any other Arab country. Jordan has FTA's with the United States, Canada, Singapore, Malaysia, the European Union, Tunisia, Algeria, Libya, Algeria, and Syria. More FTA's are planned with Iraq, the Palestinian Authority, the GCC, Lebanon, and Pakistan. Jordan is a member of the Greater Arab Free Trade Agreement, the Euro-Mediterranean free trade agreement, and theAgadir Agreement. Increased investment and exports are the main sources of Jordan's growth. Continued close integration into the European Union and GCC markets will reap vast economic rewards for the Kingdom in the coming years.
The main obstacles to Jordan's economy is scarce water supplies, complete reliance on oil imports for energy, and regional instability.
Rapid privatization of previously state-controlled industries and liberalization of the economy is spurring unprecedented growth in Jordan's urban centers like Amman and especially Aqaba. Jordan has six special economic zones that attract significant amount of investment amounting in the billions: Aqaba, Mafraq, Ma'an, Ajloun, the Dead Sea, and Irbid. Jordan also has a plethora of industrial zones producing goods in thetextile, aerospace, defense, ICT, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic sectors.
King Abdullah has repeatedly emphasised that Jordan has a bright future and that it compares favourably with much of the region on key social and economic indicators. Even though inflation pushed its way up to the 13% mark in the first half of 2008, the shocks to the system are far less than in Egypt where inflation crept up to around 23%. Jordan’s economy has come under some pressure in 2007 and perhaps more so in 2008, primarily from global increases in oil and food prices that have affected the government budget and the current account balance. While Jordan is facing enormous economic pressures, it is managing to sustain good levels of GDP growth and foreign investment.
There are a number of sectors that have performed well in 2007, including minerals, pharmaceuticals and tourism. Light industry has to face stronger competition and rising energy costs. For the construction materials sector, Chinese goods benefiting from low labour costs and Persian Gulf products capitalising on low energy costs could make life difficult for many local producers of light industrial goods. However, Jordan’s free trade agreements, investment incentives and low transport costs for shipping to major markets are still drawing producers to the country. Steel and cement producers are not expected to face the same challenges as light industry and cement production is due to rise, with two additional plants under construction and likely to provide further export income. The government is also pushing ahead with the establishment of economic zones to attract new industry and services to less developed areas of the country where problems of unemployment and poverty are particularly acute. Persian Gulf economic growth should ensure more job opportunities for Jordanians in the Persian Gulf and help to support living standards for many Jordanian families.
However, its domestic developments will be the key to improving conditions. The government will push ahead with major projects such as the housing initiative, the economic zones, and attracting knowledge-intensive investments that require high-skilled labour and vocational programmes in the hope of creating more jobs and helping to counteract the impact of higher living costs, while at the same time hoping that global developments do not make its job even harder.
The Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with the United States[74] that went into effect in December 2001 will phase out duties on nearly all goods and services by 2010. The agreement also provides for more open markets in communications, construction, finance, health, transportation, and services, as well as strict application of international standards for the protection of intellectual property. In 1996, Jordan and the United States signed a civil aviation agreement that provides for open skies between the two countries, and a U.S.-Jordan treaty for the protection and encouragement of bilateral investment entered into force in 2003. Jordan has been a member of the World Trade Organization since 2000.[2]
Many Iraqi and Palestinian businesses maintain important offices in Jordan. Due to the instability in these two regions, many Iraqis and Palestinians work out of Jordan. With Jordan becoming known as the gateway to Iraq and the Palestinian territories and for its free trade policies, Amman and the Kingdom of Jordan as a whole has the potential to monopolize business and trade in the Levant.
In the 2000 Competitive Industrial Performance (CIP) Index, Jordan ranked as the third most industrialized economy in the Middle East and North Africa, behind Turkey and Kuwait. Jordan was in the upper bracket of nations scored by the CIP index. [75]
In the 2009 Global Trade Enabling Report, Jordan ranked 4th in the Arab World behind the UAE, Bahrain, and Qatar. The report analyzes the country's market access, the country's transport and communications infrastructure, border administration, and the business environment of the country[76] Textile and clothing exports from Jordan to the United States shot up 2,000 percent from 2000 to 2005, following introduction of the FTA. According to the National Labor Committee, a U.S.-based NGO (Non-Governmental Organization), Jordan has experienced sharp increases in sweatshop conditions in its export-oriented manufacturing sector.[77]


Jordanian exports in 2006
The proportion of skilled workers in Jordan is among the highest in the region[78]. The services sector dominates the Jordanian economy. Tourism is a rapidly growing industry in Jordan with revenues over one billion. Industries such as pharmaceuticals are emerging as very profitable products in Jordan. The Real Estate economy and construction sectors continue to flourish with mass amounts of investments pouring in from the Persian Gulf and Europe. Foreign Direct Investment is in the billions. The stock market capitalization of Jordan is worth nearly $40 billion.
Jordan is classified by the World Bank as a "lower middle income country." The per-capita GDP was approximately USD $5,100 for 2007 and 14.5% of the economically active population, on average, was unemployed in 2003. Education and literacy rates and measures of social well-being are very high compared to other countries with similar incomes. Jordan's population growth rate is high, but has declined in recent years, to approximately 2.8% currently. One of the most important factors in the government’s efforts to improve the well-being of its citizens is the macroeconomic stability that has been achieved since the 1990s. However, unemployment rates remain high, with the official figure standing at 12.5%, and the unofficial around 30%. Rates of price inflation are low, at 2.3% in 2003, and the currency has been stable with an exchange rate fixed to the U.S. dollar since 1995.
By 2003 onwards following the invasion and occupation of Iraq, Jordan lost its vital oil grants provided by the regime of Saddam Hussein. This, combined with soaring world oil prices resulted in an acceleration of inflation and further pressures a gradual undermining of real income. So far the government of Jordan has not found means to reduce dependence on oil (with the exception of gas imports from Egypt).
While pursuing economic reform and increased trade, Jordan's economy will continue to be vulnerable to external shocks and regional unrest. Without calm in the region, economic growth seems destined to stay below potential. On the positive side, however, there is huge potential in the solar energy falling on Jordan's deserts, not only for the generation of pollution-free electricity but also for such spin-offs as desalination of sea water (see Trans-Mediterranean Renewable Energy Cooperation (TREC)).
Jordan is pinning its hopes on tourism, future uranium and oil shale exports, trade, and ICT for future economic growth

]External links and further reading
 Reuters: Times of Crisis - multimedia interactive charting the year of global change
 Stewart, James B., "Eight Days: the battle to save the American financial system", The New Yorker magazine, September 21, 2009.
 Testing the Efficiency of the Commercial Real Estate Market: Evidence from the 2007-2009 Financial Crisis - Paper by Otto Van Hemert, NYU Stern & AQR Capital Management
 Princeton Economist Alan Blinder Lecture - Origins of the Financial Mess
 PBS Frontline - Inside the Meltdown
 Economic Crisis and Stimulus from UCB Libraries GovPubs
 Credit Crisis — The Essentials topic page from The New York Times
 Credit Crisis Indicators (Updated daily) - Five ways to measure recent market disruption, from the New York Times
 Gjerstad, Steven; and Vernon L. Smith (2009-04-06). "From Bubble to Depression? Why the Housing Bubble Crashed the Financial System but the Dot-com Bubble Did Not". Wall Street Journal. p. A15.
 John C. Hull, The Credit Crunch of 2007: What Went Wrong? Why? What Lessons Can Be Learned?, Rothman School Research Paper, available here
 The Global Financial Crisis and Responses by the Churches (Arnold Neufeldt-Fast, PhD, Tyndale Seminary, Toronto)
 Impact of the Financial Crisis Towers Perrin Thought Leadership
 NYU Stern on Finance - Understanding the Financial Crisis
 Davis Polk Financial Crisis Manual
 How nations around the world are responding to the global financial crisis from PBS
 Tracking the Global Recession accurate and useful information from Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
 Sjostrom, Jr., William K.. "The AIG Bailout". (2009)
 In depth: Global financial crisis from the Financial Times
 Stimulus Watch, U.S. Budget Watch, an interactive database which tracks all economic recovery efforts
 Woods, Thomas (2009). Meltdown: A Free-Market Look at Why the Stock Market Collapsed, the Economy Tanked, and Government Bailouts Will Make Things Worse. Washington, DC: Regnery. ISBN 1596985879.
 Erollover on housing bubble
 A view from inside the financial world. Deeper analysis and part of the solution ? Eddy Vanderlinden
 ILO Job Crisis Observatory
 [8] Financial Crisis-IMF
 [9] Financial Crisis-World Bank Group
 [10] From Global Financial Crisis-Asian Development Bank
 [11] Financial Crisis -Theological Responses and Resources
 [12] 2008-2009 Global Financial Crisis (useful links)
[hide]
v • d • e
Financial crisis of 2007–2009

Late 2000s recession • 2008 G-20 Washington summit • APEC Peru 2008 • 2009 G-20 London summit • 2009 G-20 Pittsburgh summit


Specific issues United States housing market correction • World food price crisis • Energy crisis (Central Asia) •Subprime mortgage crisis (timeline, List of writedowns) • Automotive industry crisis • Future of newspapers •List of entities involved (Bankrupt or acquired banks, Bankrupt retailers) • Effects upon museums • Banking revelations in Ireland •Resurgence of Keynesianism


By country (or region) Belgium • Iceland • Ireland • Latvia • Russia • Spain • Ukraine • (Europe • Africa • Americas • Asia • Australasia)


Legislation and policy responses

Banking and finance
stability and reform Banking (Special Provisions) Act 2008 • Commercial Paper Funding Facility • Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 •Troubled Assets Relief Program • Term Asset-Backed Securities Loan Facility • Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program •2008 United Kingdom bank rescue package • 2008 East Asian meetings • Anglo Irish Bank Corporation Bill 2009 •2009 G-20 London summit • Irish emergency budget, 2009 • National Asset Management Agency


Stimulus and recovery National fiscal policy response to the late 2000s recession • Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008 •Economic Stimulus Act of 2008 • 2008 Chinese economic stimulus plan • 2008 European Union stimulus plan •American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 • Green New Deal


Companies and banking institutions

Companies in bankruptcy,
administration,
or other insolvency
proceedings; or in failure
New Century Financial Corporation • Woolworths • American Freedom Mortgage • American Home Mortgage •Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities LLC • Charter Communications • Lehman Brothers (bankruptcy) • Linens 'n Things • Mervyns •NetBank • Terra Securities (scandal) • Sentinel Management Group • Washington Mutual • Icesave • Kaupthing Singer & Friedlander •Yamato Life • Circuit City • Allco Finance Group • Waterford Wedgwood • Saab Automobile • BearingPoint • Tweeter •Babcock & Brown • Silicon Graphics • Conquest Vacations • General Growth Properties • Chrysler (bankruptcy) •Thornburg Mortgage • Great Southern Group • General Motors (bankruptcy) • Eddie Bauer • Nortel • BI-LO (United States) •Arena Football League • DSB Bank


Government bailouts
and takeovers Northern Rock (nationalisation) • Bear Stearns • IndyMac Federal Bank • Fannie Mae (takeover) • Freddie Mac (takeover) • AIG •Bradford & Bingley • Fortis • Glitnir • Hypo Real Estate • Dexia • CL Financial • Landsbanki • Kaupthing • Straumur • ING Group • Citigroup •General Motors • Chrysler • Bank of America • Anglo Irish Bank (nationalisation) • Parex Bank • Bank of Antigua •ACC Capital Holdings (reorganization) • U.S. Central Credit Union • Bank of Ireland • Allied Irish Bank


Company acquisitions Ameriquest Mortgage • Countrywide Financial • Bear Stearns • Alliance & Leicester • Merrill Lynch • Washington Mutual •Derbyshire Building Society • Cheshire Building Society • HBOS • Wachovia • Sovereign Bank • Barnsley Building Society •Scarborough Building Society • National City Corp. (details) • Dunfermline Building Society


Other topics

Alleged frauds
and fraudsters Stanford Financial Group (Allen Stanford) • Fairfield Greenwich Group • UBS AG • Sean FitzPatrick (Anglo Irish Bank) •Kazutsugi Nami (Enten controversy) • Nicholas Cosmo • Arthur Nadel • Paul Greenwood • Stephen Walsh • Laura Pendergest-Holt •Angelo Mozilo • Barry Tannenbaum


Proven or admitted
frauds and fraudsters Bernard Madoff (Ponzi scheme)(Frank DiPascali) • Satyam Computer Services (accounting scandal) (Ramalinga Raju) •Marc Stuart Dreier • Norman Hsu • Joseph S. Forte • Du Jun


Related entities Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation • Federal Reserve System • Federal Housing Administration • Federal Housing Finance Agency •Federal Housing Finance Board • Government National Mortgage Association • Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight •Office of Financial Stability • UK Financial Investments Limited • Federal Home Loan Banks


Securities involved
and financial markets Auction rate securities • Collateralized debt obligations • Collateralized mortgage obligations • Credit default swaps •Mortgage-backed securities • Secondary mortgage market


Related topics Bailout • Bank run • Credit crunch • Economic bubble • Error account • Financial contagion • Financial crisis • Interbank lending market •Liquidity crisis • Ponzi scheme • Prison consultant • Tea Party protests


[show]
v • d • e
US Subprime mortgage crisis


[show]
v • d • e
Banking panics in the United States


[show]
v • d • e
Stock market crashes


Categories: Late 2000s global financial crisis | 2000s economic history | 2008 in economics | Economic bubbles | Economic crises | Financial crises | Stock market crashes | Real estate crises
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Jordan
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For other uses, see Jordan (disambiguation).
Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
[show]
الأردنّ al-'Urdunn





Anthem: عاش المليك
The Royal Anthem of Jordan
("As-salam al-malaki al-urdoni")1
Peace to the King of Jordan


Capital
Amman
31°57′N 35°56′E

Official languages
Arabic

Ethnic groups
96% Arab [1]
and 4% others.
Demonym
Jordanian

Government
Constitutional monarchy

- King
Abdullah II

- Prime Minister
Nader al-Dahabi

Independence

- End of BritishLeague of Nations mandate

25 May 1946
Area

- Total 92,300 km2 (112th)
35,637 sq mi

- Water (%)
0.8
Population

- 2009 estimate 6,316,000[2] (102nd)

- July 2004 census 5,611,202
- Density
68.4/km2 (131st)
138.8/sq mi
GDP (PPP)
2008 estimate
- Total $32.416 billion[3]

- Per capita
$5,661[3]

GDP (nominal)
2008 estimate
- Total $21.225 billion[3]

- Per capita
$3,776[3]

Gini (2002–03)
38.8 (medium)
HDI (2007)
▲0.773 (medium) (86th)

Currency
Jordanian dinar (JOD)

Time zone
UTC+2 (UTC+2)

- Summer (DST)
UTC+3 (UTC+3)

Drives on the
Right
Internet TLD
.jo

Calling code
962
1 Also serves as the Royal anthem.

Jordan (Arabic: الأردنّ‎ al-'Urdunn), officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, is a country inWestern Asia spanning the southern part of the Syrian Desert down to the Gulf of Aqaba. Jordan shares borders with Syria to the north, Iraq to the northeast, Saudi Arabia to the east and south, the Gulf of Aqaba to the southwest, and Israel and the West Bank to the west. It shares control of the Dead Sea with Israel. Much of Jordan is covered by desert, particularly the Arabian Desert; however the north-western area, with the Jordan River, is regarded as part of the Fertile Crescent. The capital city of Amman is in the north-west.
During its history, Jordan has seen numerous civilisations, including such ancient eastern ones as the Canaanite and later other Semitic peoples such as the Edomites, and the Moabites. Other civilisations possessing political sovereignty and influence in Jordan were: Akkadian, Assyrian,Judean, Babylonian, and Persian empires. Jordan was for a time part of Pharaonic Egypt, theHasmonean Dynasty of the Maccabees, and also spawned the native Nabatean civilisation which left rich archaeological remains at Petra. Cultures from the west also left their mark, such as theMacedonian, Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman Turkish empires. Since the seventh century the area has been under Muslim and Arab cultures, with the exception of a brief period when the west of the area formed part of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem and a short time under British rule.
The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan is a constitutional monarchy with representative government. The reigning monarch is the head of state, the chief executive and the commander-in-chief of the armed forces. The king exercises his executive authority through the prime ministers and the Council of Ministers, or cabinet. The cabinet, meanwhile, is responsible before the democratically elected House of Deputies which, along with the House of Notables (Senate), constitutes the legislative branch of the government. The judicial branch is an independent branch of the government.
Jordan is a modern Arab nation with a predominantly middle class population that lacks the vast wealth of some of its neighbors. Jordan's population is 92% Sunni Muslim with a small Christian minority. Jordanian society is predominantly urbanized and very ethnically diverse. Jordan is classified as an emerging market by the CIA factbook. Jordan is a pro-Western regime that has very close relations with the West especially with the United States, the United Kingdom andFrance. Jordan became a major non-NATO ally in 1996. Jordan is one of only two Arab nations, the other being Egypt, that has relations with Israel[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. It is a founding member of the Arab League[12][13] and the CAEU, a member of the OIC[14][15], theWTO[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24], the AFESD[25], the Arab Parliament[26], the AIDMO[27], theAMF[28], the IMF[29][30], the International Criminal Court[31], the UNHRC[32], the GAFTA, theESCWA[33], the ENP[34][35][36] and the United Nations[37]. Jordan is also currently undergoing close integration with the European Union and the Gulf Cooperation Council. Jordan expects to receive "advanced status" with the EU by 2011. [38]
Contents
[hide]
• 1 History
o 1.1 Ancient Jordan
o 1.2 Modern Jordan
• 2 Geography
• 3 Climate
• 4 Administrative divisions
• 5 Demographics
• 6 Politics
o 6.1 Constitution
o 6.2 Legal system and legislation
o 6.3 Kings of Jordan and political events
• 7 Religion
• 8 Parliament
o 8.1 Term
• 9 Political parties
• 10 Immigration
• 11 Human rights
• 12 Economy
o 12.1 Brain Drain and Brain Gain
• 13 Natural resources
o 13.1 Natural gas
o 13.2 Oil shale
o 13.3 Phosphates
o 13.4 Uranium
o 13.5 Water
• 14 Transportation
• 15 Currency and exchange rates
• 16 Tourism
o 16.1 Nature reserves
o 16.2 Influence of the Southwest Asian conflict
 16.2.1 Opportunity Cost of Conflict
 16.2.2 Drain on the GDP
• 17 Foreign relations
• 18 Military
o 18.1 Army
o 18.2 Navy
o 18.3 Air Force
o 18.4 Peacekeeping Abroad
o 18.5 Defence industry
o 18.6 Police
• 19 Culture
• 20 Health
• 21 Language
• 22 Quality of life
• 23 Globalization
• 24 Education
o 24.1 School education
 24.1.1 Foreign secondary education programs
o 24.2 Higher education
• 25 See also
• 26 References
• 27 External links

[edit]History


The ancient city of Petra, one of the Seven Wonders of the World.


The Mesha stele as photographed circa 1891. The stele describes King Mesha's wars against the Israelites.
Main article: History of Jordan